Lesson: Basic Physiology and Anatomy
Introduction
Physiology and anatomy are two key branches of biology that study living systems. Anatomy focuses on the body's structure, while physiology concerns how these structures function. This lesson will provide a basic introduction to human anatomy and physiology, focusing on major organ systems and their roles in maintaining health.
These organ systems include:
The skeletal System
The Muscular System
The Cariovasular System
The Neurological System
The Respiratory System
The Digestive System
1. The Skeletal System
Anatomy
The skeletal system consists of 206 bones in the adult human body, along with joints, ligaments, and cartilage. The primary functions of this system include structural support, protection of internal organs, and facilitation of movement.
Illustration: Diagram of the human skeleton highlighting major bones:
Skull
Ribcage
Spine
Pelvis
Arms (humerus, radius, ulna)
Legs (femur, tibia, fibula)
Physiology
Bones serve as the framework for the body and work with muscles to move. Bone marrow, located within bones like the femur and pelvis, is crucial for producing blood cells.